4 Ways to React to a Problem

Giving children and teenagers the tools to solve problems is vital if we want self aware and resilient kids. (Let’s face it, plenty of us adults need these tools too!)

According to DBT*, there are 4 ways to react to a problem:

1. Solve the problem: this could involve getting other people on board to help or be done on one’s own. Maybe you can change/avoid or leave the situation.
2. Feel better about the problem: change the way you are viewing the situation. Regulate your emotions, so the problem itself doesn’t change, but your reaction to it does. (As @gabbybernstein says, “obstacles are detours in the right direction”)
3. Tolerate the problem: if you can’t manage either of the first two, then maybe you can accept and tolerate the situation. This is called radical acceptance-it doesn’t mean you approve of the situation, you just stop fighting reality.
4. Stay miserable: don’t make any changes and possibly feel worse (!)

This might seem obvious but have you actually ever stopped to think about how you react to problems and the choices you have in those moments when problems arise? Have you ever talked through a problem with your teen or older child and used this kind of terminology?

I think by knowing that there are 4 ways to approach a problem you will already start to feel better about it and more in control (of your reactions).

Try thinking about the four options the next time you’re faced with a problem and let me know how it goes!

*Based on Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) which is an evidence-based psychotherapy

Public Sexual Harassment

Since moving to Italy 9 years ago, I get stared at on the street and in public places, have comments made about my appearance (pretty much daily by the way), have been groped on public transport, almost assaulted in a taxi and flashed at near a beach. If I were to list my sexual harassment experiences of being a girl/woman in England and travelling the world for the 25 years prior to coming here, it would probably fill a novel. None of these experiences had anything to do with what I was wearing.

I feel extremely passionately about educating young people so that they don’t grow up to be perpetrators or bystanders to public sexual harassment or assault, and I understand to my core the anger teenage girls feel when they are being told what they ‘should’ be wearing or how they ‘should’ be acting to keep themselves safe.

At a time where they are finding their own style whilst trying to fit in to their peer group and assert some independence, it can be extremely difficult to be told by a parent that you shouldn’t wear something due to how other people will react to you. At the same time, all the parent is doing is trying to keep their child as protected as possible.

In my conversation with a group of 16/17 year olds recently, I could feel the frustration they felt at having to think about this when dressing and although they didn’t like being told what NOT to wear by their parents, they understood where the parent was coming from.

Add to this the sometimes ‘double standards’ girls can feel about school uniform policies and you can see why our teenage girls can feel overwhelmed and frustrated when they just want to be able to be left alone to walk outside their house in peace!!

Do you comment on what your teenager is wearing?

About Circumcision

Top facts about circumcision:
⏺A hood of skin, called the foreskin, covers the head (or glans) of the penis. In circumcision, the foreskin is surgically removed, exposing the end of the penis.
⏺ Circumcision is one of the most common surgical procedures in the world.
⏺It may also be one of the oldest, likely predating recorded human history.
⏺ Male circumcision is compulsory for Jews and is commonly practiced among Muslims.
⏺Most circumcisions are done during the first 10 days (often within the first 48 hours) of a baby’s life.
⏺ When a newborn is circumcised, the procedure takes about 5-10 minutes. Adult circumcision takes about an hour.
⏺circumcision prevalence around the world is ROUGHLY 38%
⏺some studies say it decreases sexual sensitivity/pleasure and other studies say it doesn’t 🤷‍♀️
⏺ Opponents, particularly of routine neonatal circumcision, question its utility and effectiveness in preventing diseases and object to subjecting newborn males, without their consent,to a procedure they consider to have dubious and nonessential benefits, significant risks, and a potentially negative impact on general health and later sexual enjoyment, as well as violating their human rights.

Some reported benefits
Studies show, those who are circumcised have a lower likelihood of:
* getting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) when they are older
* developing urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in the first year of life
* getting cancer of the penis, which is rare in those who are both circumcised and uncircumcised. It is not yet clear if the decreased risk is related to circumcision itself or differences in hygiene.
* developing irritation, inflammation, or infection of the penis, because it is easier to keep a circumcised penis clean

Some reported risks
Like any surgical procedure, circumcision has some risks. These are rare (apparently around 3%) but include:
* Bleeding
* infection, which is usually mild and easy to treat 
* more skin or less skin removed than planned
* scar tissue forming

Source: Morris et al. Population Health Metrics (2016)
Morton Frisch 2011

Top Questions I Get Asked About Periods

When I begin lessons about periods I know I am going to get a barrage of questions about them. When you think about it, the science behind them can be a lot for a younger person to really grasp and then there’s all the emotional feelings involved, as well as any societal myths or taboos that need dispelling. Here’s how I answer some of the most common questions:
1. How will I know when I am going to start? Your body usually starts showing other changes associated with puberty before you start your periods, such as breast buds and vaginal discharge (maybe 1 or 2 years before)
2. Will they hurt? They could do! First of all remember that during your first year or so of periods you are going through menarche, which means you won’t get regular periods for a while and the amount of blood could be small. Some people suffer from period cramps. If you are suffering from pain rather than discomfort you should see a doctor and not accept that it’s a normal part of having a period. It takes a long time to get diagnoses for period related issues so be an advocate for your child or for yourself if the pain is getting in the way of normal daily life.
3. What if I start when I’m in the swimming pool? When you first start your period, that very first time will probably be such a small amount you wouldn’t even notice in the pool, and neither would anyone else. The blood would be diluted in the water.
4. Do they ever stop? Yes! When a person stops getting their periods (for 12 months) they go through something called menopause. This is not an overnight process, but takes a few years (on average 4-5) and there can be some side effects whilst the body is changing.

Timely vs Age Appropriate

I had the pleasure of delivering two workshops to parents a few weeks ago and an overarching theme was that parents were not sure what to teach and when. I speak a lot about what to teach here, but wanted to spend a moment looking at when!

It would be amazing to give a definite guide where on the day of a child’s birthday you know that it’s time to trot out the puberty talk, but unfortunately it’s not like that, is it?!

I like to use the word ‘timely’ instead of ‘age appropriate’ for 2 reasons:
1️⃣Children are all different and learn at different stages. What is right for one 7 year old is not necessarily right for another. Maybe your 7 year old has lots of older siblings or people around them and it feels right to get in there earlier with info that you want them to get from you and not from second hand sources.
2️⃣I’ve always felt that ‘age appropriate’ is some kind of catch all phrase that governments/schools (institutions mainly) say without any real understanding of s3x ed in order to cover their backs and give people a false sense of security-eg. We’ll talk about puberty when it’s age appropriate and then the schools themselves are left on their own to decide when that might be

If you’d like a rough guide, I’d say teach them the correct names for body parts from the beginning, use the word uterus when they ask about babies in tummies, talk about private and public parts and safe and unsafe touch as early as possible, answer in a scientific, matter of fact and shame free and simple way any time they ask about bodily functions and once they are around 7 or 8 you’ll start going into more detail about the changes associated with puberty. If you want to get in there before society/friends/older siblings when it comes to conception and sex, I wouldn’t leave it later than 11.

Of course, where I’ve mentioned ages it might be more TIMELY for your child to hear this stuff earlier. IF you are able to answer questions as and when they pop out throughout their early lives, talking about puberty and sex is going to be a natural progression from that. IF you are thinking, “oh my goodness, I’ve not done any of that and they’re X years old now” don’t panic! It’s never to late to introduce these topics. If you need help as to how, DM and I’d happily deliver a workshop to you and your parent friends to give you some pointers!

Vaginismus

Vaginismus is the body’s automatic reaction to the fear of some or all types of vaginal penetration. Whenever penetration is attempted, the vaginal muscles tighten up on their own and the person has no control over it. Occasionally, people can get vaginismus even if they have previously enjoyed painless penetrative sex. It can be a painful and upsetting, but it can be treated.

Doctors believe it is a relatively common and underreported condition. It does not necessarily affect your ability to get aroused and enjoy other types of sexual contact. Some common symptoms are:
* you find it hard inserting a tampon into your vagina
* you struggle with vaginal penetration during sex
* you feel burning or stinging pain during sex

Treatment usually focuses on:
* managing your feelings around penetration
* exercises to gradually get you used to penetration
* Psychosexual therapy
* Pelvic floor exercises
* Sensate focus-exercises to help with your relaxation during sex
* Vaginal trainers

The reasons for vaginismus are not always clear, but some things thought to cause it include:
* fearing that your vagina is too small
* a bad first sexual experience
* an unpleasant medical examination
* believing sex is shameful or wrong
* a painful medical condition, like thrush

Sometimes vaginismus is mistaken for a physical problem with your vagina, which can lead to needless surgery. Very few cases of vaginismus require surgery and I have read many online testimonies where surgery really damaged the person-so always get a second opinion if something doesn’t feel right! I have also read A LOT of testimonies saying that doctors told them to get drunk and just relax, which is HORRIFYING!!😤🤬 I know it’s not always easy to find different practitioners, especially if it’s a question of money, but no one should have to have their pain diminished in that way.

Ghosting…and other dating terms

So this one is a sign of my age or the circles I hang out in-a (much younger!) friend talked about ‘unghosting’ the other day and I was taken aback. ‘What?’ I asked, ‘is unghosting a new way of saying communicating?!’

So of course I did a bit of research and realised people have been using this term for a while now. Here’s a few dating definitions for anyone in the same out-of-touch boat as me!

Ghosting-when someone disappears on you without any further communication. They completely withdraw from you and avoid any communication. Not only could this be a romantic partner, it could be a friend or even colleague
Unghosting-when someone who had previously ghosted you gets back in touch
Mooning-when you turn on the ‘Do Not Disturb’ on someone on your phone so you don’t get notifications when they message you
Breadcrumbing-someone who drops the occasional message, phone call or interaction. It’s sporadic and not followed up
Benching-when someone is dating you but isn’t 100% into it but doesn’t want to let you go. They’re sending a lot of mixed messages and you don’t know where you stand
Fading/slow fade-when someone has decided to end the relationship but isn’t being honest about it. They cut the other person out slowly, thinking that that’s a better option than just ending it

And what do all of these have in common? A complete lack of COMMUNICATION! It can be so easy to pull away from someone or cut someone off with devices that some people seem to have forgotten that there is a human being at the other end of the action who is left with many questions.

Eventually the person on the receiving end of the action will hopefully think they’ve had a lucky escape from someone not mature enough or kind enough to express how they are feeling in a respectful way, but it can still be very hurtful nevertheless, especially if you’ve known someone a decent length of time. If I get the chance, I’m going to talk to the older students about this soon and see their take on all of this. Is any of this behaviour seen as acceptable and reasonable?

Is this consent?

A great way of getting teenagers to recognise the nuances when it comes to consent is to present them with scenarios which they can discuss. It takes a bit of skill to make sure that they walk away after the discussion with the correct messaging, but it’s so important to revisit this again and again, certainly considering statistics when it comes to sexual assault and abuse.

What do we want them to walk away knowing?
-consent is not just a yes or no
-it’s enthusiastic
-pay attention to words AND body language
-the person needs to know what they are consenting to
-they can change their mind or retract something at any time
-just because they are consenting to one thing does not mean they are consenting to another
-respect each other and treat others how you would like to be treated

What do you think of the following scenarios from @brook_sexpositive?

*Sam and Chris have been married for 9 years and have sex every night before they fall asleep. It’s very routine and they never talk about it. Sex is over as soon as Chris comes and Sam never has an orgasm. Sam would rather read but decided having sex is worth it, as it makes the relationship smoother.
❓DO YOU THINK SAM IS GIVING CONSENT❓

*Kirsty meets Pete in a club and after kissing, goes back to his. He fingers her in the taxi but when they are back at his house, she tells him she’s changed her mind and doesn’t want to have sex now. He tells her that she’s a “tease” and could at least give him a blowjob. She feels really guilty, so does it.
❓DO YOU THINK KIRSTY IS GIVING CONSENT❓

*Taylor and Alex have been together for 12 months.They have an active sex life but one night, Taylor asks Alex to stop because it hurts. Alex is just about to come, so carries on for about another 20 seconds. He comes then stops.
❓DO YOU THINK TAYLOR IS GIVING CONSENT❓

He asked me what sex was…..so I googled it

These situations can pop up all the time where curious kids are chatting together, and, like adults, they head straight to google to get a quick answer. What they may not realise is that the results to questions like this might not be suitable for them. And once you’ve seen something, you can’t un-see it!

We had to have this conversation with our Year 6s recently (10 yo). We talked about e-safety and also acknowledged that they may be getting more curious about bodies and sex.

We reminded them of the following:

💻 hopefully your school and home devices have school/parental controls on them
🖥 use a search engine designed for children
-kiddle
-wackysafe
-KidRex
-Safe Search Kids
-Factmonster

❓think carefully about your question. If it is about something like puberty or sex, it would be better to go to a trusted adult like a parent or teacher
👯‍♀️why might it not be a good idea to ask a friend? (They might not know the answer or give you an incorrect one)
✅it’s perfectly normal to be curious and have questions and I am here to answer any you may have
❌it is not your job to ‘educate’ your friends on these topics, it is their parents’ jobs to do that, so please respect other people’s learning journey

👏 When I told them that we would be starting our Relationships and Sex Education unit next term and they could ask me anything then, they seemed pretty happy! The beauty of being a parent is that you can have these conversations little and often so they are constantly having these message reinforced and know that they can come to you for a factual, shame free answer.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦There are lots of resources online to help you set up the right parental controls for your family.

I use ‘he/they’ pronouns, but don’t tell anyone!

I led a workshop with a small group of 16/17year olds last week and I was so sad to hear two of them say they were experimenting with different pronouns but didn’t want that information going outside of the group because of how the other kids would treat them.

I am noticing that year on year my students are becoming more and more open and animated when it comes to discussions around sexuality and gender expression but the majority of the kids who feel unaffected by these issues are probably, at best, unaware of how they are not creating safe spaces for others.

Speaking personally, I think growing up in a society that never gave us a choice or another way to think about these two topics has done us so much harm. I was never shown non binary characters on TV for example. I never questioned what it was ‘to be a girl’ until I was in my 30s! I saw sexual attraction as being gay, straight or bisexual but nothing in between and never gave it any thought because ‘luckily’ for me I happened to fit into the ‘socially accepted’ camp. Even though my closest friends were gay and suffered from bullying, I was so wrapped up in my own teenage angst (shamefully) that I never really got involved. One thing positive to say about social media is that it opens up the world to you and can educate you! I was doing all my outside of school learning through whatever BBC TV was throwing at us!

The fact that the generations that I’m now teaching are being given the space to explore and discuss these topics (in my classrooms anyway!), as well as have access to gender diverse role models on TV, in literature and social media, however marginalised those figures are, at least gives me a bit of hope. I’m not blind, I see the kids in class that don’t really get (or refuse to get) the idea that gender is a construct. Or the kids that say all the right things in class but are perfectly capable of being mean to others in the corridors.

My hope is that the more I use inclusive language in all my lessons; the more I provide visible role models for the students and the more modelling and challenging I do to the staff and management at my school on all these issues, the more I can create an inclusive and safe space for everyone. One thing I realise I need to do more of is educate my students on the history of LGBTQ+ folks.

A fundamental solution for me is to help children to manage problems, stress and anxiety in their lives and the more we can help them through their issues, the less hurt they will carry around with them. We all know hurt people hurt people so for me it starts there, which is why I also passionately post about mental health.

Then I think we have to educate ourselves. A good place to start if you’re interested in what we gain as a society by the continued oppression of marginalised groups, then go read or listen to anything by Alok (insta handle @alokvmenon) who explains in a much more eloquent and learned way than I ever could how white patriarchal systems benefit by the vilification or erasure of anyone ‘other’.

Then we have to take action. We can’t all just sit there and say or think that we are inclusive people or that we aren’t __x__phobic and then not do anything to show that.
By lifting up all people in our society we lift ourselves up, so the more privilege we have, the more work we have to do. I’m sure I’ll post more on that in the future!